Analysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott...

Object one: Cocoon A cocoon can represent the kind growth and change called metamorphosis in Biology class. This symbol is good for Scout who shows her personal growth from a naà ¯ve tomboyish girl to a more well-informed and sophisticated young lady. In many incidents, she discovers how she should behave as she grows up during the story. Although Scout is a cute girl in hearts of her father, Atticus, and her nanny, Calpurnia, it is obvious to people that she is a quite unusual girl in their small town, Maycomb. She is unusually intelligent because she can read before she goes to grade one. However, her teacher, Miss Caroline penalizes and scolds her for this advanced skill. She is unusually brave and confident because she not only plays†¦show more content†¦Atticus fully and clearly explains life to her. Gradually, Scout can feel she has better understanding about all these issues because Atticus is a good model for her. That is why Scout follows the trial with interest and tries to understa nd Boo Radley. By the end of the novel, Scout shows her growth by saying, â€Å"I had never seen our neighborhood from this angle... As I made my way home, I felt very old... As I made my way home, I thought Jem and I would get grown but there wasn t much else left for us to learn, except possibly algebra†(Lee 374) This passage helps develops her character by showing she sees her own growth and change. The words in the passage seem simple but the implicit meaning is really quite deep. This is the first time that she sees her neighbourhood from a different perspective and also it is the first time that she reaches the ugly truth of her society. She finally knows that Boo Radley is a nice, caring person instead of the stereotype monster inside a spooky house because of all nice and kind behaviours that Boo does by saving Jem and leaving gifts in the tree. She finally knows that the hating prejudices are not right and she should treat others fairly. She finally understands the i mportance of putting her feet in their shoes to understand others, and how important it is to protect the mockingbirds in the Analysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott... James walked slowly singing away to himself. The warmth of the sun was pleasant on his back and caused him to smile, to his left was a railway line and to his right a wide river with a current so strong it caused the water to froth. He had been walking for several hours now and decided it was time to take a break. He swung his rucksack off his back and sat on the damp grass path he had been walking on. He tore open his bag and grabbed one of the many chocolate bars he had packed, then took out an issue of the Oregon Journal he had stolen from his dad s desk before he had left. The date on the front was the 22nd of June 1955, it was yesterday s paper. James could hardly read but enjoyed looking at the pictures, he inspected the newspaper†¦show more content†¦The boy was amazed by this and decided to venture further in to explore the strange place. It was completely empty, no men rushing to work and no children playing outside. However, the boy noticed how it was oddly well ma intained. As he walked down what must have been the main street, the buildings to his left and right were so clean from outside they looked as though they had been built just before he had arrived. There was a church towards the end of the village whose stained glass windows were so stunning and well maintained that someone passing by may have believed these were a portal to another world rather than just incredible artwork. The sun had begun to set and James decided it was time to find somewhere to sleep for the night and he could continue his exploring the following day, he walked up to the next building on his left and tried to open the door. To his surprise, it wasn t locked. He went inside and found a bed, no sooner had his head hit the pillow he had fallen asleep and dreamt of what his adventure would bring him the following day. James eyes slowly began to open as he regained consciousness. He looked around the room and noticed the beautiful paintings that hung on the walls that he had not seen the night before, he allowed his eyes to wander around the room until he saw something that made his heart stop. There, no more than a metre or two away from him sat a boy that must have been a similar age to him with a big grin onShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1388 Words   |  6 Pages3rd person, hopfully only this chapter Once there was a boy. His name was Ross Howner. He was only a peasent to most, he lived in a small village called skedia in the far corner of the kindom masonia. Just as every other person though, he had a secret. His secret was far more greater then most. You see, Ross was a warlock, so he had magic. But if anyone found out he would be hung at the sight,  for the kind of Masonia despised magic.  His mother was the only one who knew about his magic, for  sheRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay953 Words   |  4 Pages Part two begins slowly and adds more confusion. The story is overly convoluted with new characters and new events. Instead of Chris working on figuring out who’s after him and finding the chip, the story changes directions and it turns into stopping a major explosion and about a new world order. Also, James dominates part two, not Chris. In fact, characters well established in part one, are not active in part two, such as Kurt Slowensky. Part two spends too much time on the hypnosis scene, theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1655 Words   |  7 Pageswhere to find everything.† Fiona proceeded to show Casey all the rooms set aside for the guests. The parlor looked cozy stocked with books. There was the dining area and a small kitchenette with snacks and drinks in case guests got hungry after the kitchen closed. Finally, Fiona pointed toward a door leading to her prized garden. â€Å"Some of our guests will take a book outside to read, especially now with all the colorful flowers and pleasant weather.† â€Å"That sounds lovely, but I doubt I’ll have the timeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald867 Words   |  4 PagesTord was nearly sobbing, on his knees, looking up with his mouth open like a pathetic animal. His whole body was covered in various scratches, bruises, cuts, and teeth marks. Tears flowed gently from the corners of his eyes, desperate for any attention from the brutal man with the keys to the handcuffs that were currently on him. He had been teased and fucked and slapped over again, for what seems like hours and hours, in complete bliss. Tom had the upperhand the whole time, being able to do whateverRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1576 Words   |  7 PagesWe’re in support group again, huddled in our own, white-walled rectangle. Every day, we meet and every day we share, right in the middle of our dark maze. Our maze didn’t naturally come with a support group room. I’m not sure what ghost decided to create one but, I do know that as a community, it was decided that we needed one. The idea was that we all needed to share; share our stories, our mistakes, and share all about the deadly power that makes us who we are. I mean, why else would we be isolatedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1299 Words   |  6 PagesLife has never been this difficult prior to 3017. Our Kingdom has been crumbling since the disappearance of the Gem, a magical stone that extends its powers to the protection of the Kingdom. The once tall, magnifi cent redwood trees protecting wildlife and hope now wither, with its discolored, curling leaves piled on the ground surrounding them. President Huckleberry, the leader of the kingdom, selected me to go on an expedition to retrieve the gem; it was my job to save the kingdom. A familiar ringRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald947 Words   |  4 PagesWiesel wrote in a lot of detail about the events that were unfolding right in front of him. He could never forget the violence because it was stuck in his mind. Dehumanization was a huge role throughout the book in the conditions of how his story played out. The people of Sighet were moved to Auschwitz in cattle cars. Food and water was not available and the bathroom was a bucket in the middle of the room. Followed by the arrival at Auschwitz, Wiesel other men were forced to strip naked. ThenRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1655 Words   |  7 Pagesnaturally form her into her true self. It was at that moment that I thought of the purest Daisy I can ever remember; that beautiful southern belle laughing hysterically as a menagerie of shirts rained on her from above. She deserved Gatsby, and he deserved her. Gatsby wouldn’t have loved the real Daisy. Maybe even Tom would have detested her despite her riches. They only loved the warped, twisted image put in front of them, loving her like someone loves a prized painting up for auction. But DaisyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1551 Words   |  7 Pageshimself face down in front of the oxen, stretched himself out on the ground, and told the driver to carry on if he wanted to.† (Plutarch. Greek Lives p. 223). Indeed Alcibiades had an absorbed critical attributes which in turn would allow him to walk a great path. Then this begs the question where is the polarity of his character, where is the good and bad? Nevertheless, there is a particular point which is critical in answering. By laying in-front of the oxen driven cart Alcibiades displays defianceRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald951 Words   |  4 PagesPaolina hung her pantyhose in their bathroom to dry, and it annoyed Antonello. They were so delicate that if his hand accidently brushed across them, the threads snagged easily on his finger nails, on the rough patches of his skin. The young craftswoman, button nose, sweet smile, reminded him of his mother’s Madonna, a statuette, the one she’d kept on her bedroom dresser to hang strands of rosary beads on. The one she knelt in front of before bed. His sister Carmela inherited the statuette – the Analysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott... After a year or so of living in my Middle West paradise, the cold, merciless hand of the East Coast came and rapped on my front door. It arrived in the form of a letter from Daisy, who, in a magic act that could rival Harry Houdini, disappeared with her hulking husband and her oh-so precious daughter, only to brutally reappear in the envelope resting in my hands. The envelope was heavy, as if the weight of the three years since that infamous summer had all been transferred to this single letter. Simply holding it I knew I would not be able to handle myself if I were to simply toss it into my fireplace and attempt to forget its existence. So I brought it in from my snow-covered mailbox and into the safety of my home. After opening it, one†¦show more content†¦So much has happened Nick, I don’t even know where to begin. It feels like everything has gone sour. And I’ve tried to be better, that’s the honest to God truth, I’ve tried. But it seems like some higher power just has it out for me or something. Nicky, I need your help. I’ve got myself into a pretty terrible situation and I don’t know anyone who can get me out. Besides you, of course. But I’m afraid you won’t comprehend the urgency of my situation. I promise you, I wouldn’t have contacted you if my predicament were any less difficult. Europe was so grand. Tom and I agreed, it was the most magical place either of us had ever been. I have to admit I was a little wary of going, knowing Tom and all, but it was just wonderful. We got a little apartment, Tom and Pammy and I, in the center of Paris. It had these gorgeous windows, Nick, they were simply divine. They opened out to the street, and I’ll tell you, I could just look out of those windows for hours. I would stare at the people going into all the little shops on our street. There was this little bakery that made the most delicious scones. You should have tasted them, Nick, they were unlike anything I had ever had before. I felt so alive, as though it was our second honeymoon. Tom and I were in love again, and the air was crisp, and the sky was blue, and the birds would sing every morning during breakfast. The whole town just glowed with hope. But at times it was difficult to keep Analysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott... Wiesel wrote in a lot of detail about the events that were unfolding right in front of him. He could never forget the violence because it was stuck in his mind. Dehumanization was a huge role throughout the book in the conditions of how his story played out. The people of Sighet were moved to Auschwitz in cattle cars. Food and water was not available and the bathroom was a bucket in the middle of the room. Followed by the arrival at Auschwitz, Wiesel other men were forced to strip naked. Then they were dipped in a barrel of petrol and their heads were completely shaved off. They were then driven outside and they just stood there in the freezing cold until there was an order. The terrible thing was how Wiesel s self became a number. No one in the camps called him by his real name, they called him by his tattooed number on his left arm. They took a journey to Buchenwald while riding in a roofless cattle wagon, they had no food, no privacy, and they frozen bodies. Once in a while, a workman threw some bread in their wagon to watch them break for it. A son even killed his own father for just a piece of the bread. Wiesel realized there that all the men became violent over time. Not just because of the hunger, but because of the lack of dignity and respect as well. This means that Eliezer had became so adapted to the idea of those running the camp would be violent, that it was expected that that was how they behaved. The only thing that he and the other men subject to thisShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1388 Words   |  6 Pages3rd person, hopfully only this chapter Once there was a boy. His name was Ross Howner. He was only a peasent to most, he lived in a small village called skedia in the far corner of the kindom masonia. Just as every other person though, he had a secret. His secret was far more greater then most. You see, Ross was a warlock, so he had magic. But if anyone found out he would be hung at the sight,  for the kind of Masonia despised magic.  His mother was the only one who knew about his magic, for  sheRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay953 Words   |  4 Pages Part two begins slowly and adds more confusion. The story is overly convoluted with new characters and new events. Instead of Chris working on figuring out who’s after him and finding the chip, the story changes directions and it turns into stopping a major explosion and about a new world order. Also, James dominates part two, not Chris. In fact, characters well established in part one, are not active in part two, such as Kurt Slowensky. Part two spends too much time on the hypnosis scene, theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1655 Words   |  7 Pageswhere to find everything.† Fiona proceeded to show Casey all the rooms set aside for the guests. The parlor looked cozy stocked with books. There was the dining area and a small kitchenette with snacks and drinks in case guests got hungry after the kitchen closed. Finally, Fiona pointed toward a door leading to her prized garden. â€Å"Some of our guests will take a book outside to read, especially now with all the colorful flowers and pleasant weather.† â€Å"That sounds lovely, but I doubt I’ll have the timeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald867 Words   |  4 PagesTord was nearly sobbing, on his knees, looking up with his mouth open like a pathetic animal. His whole body was covered in various scratches, bruises, cuts, and teeth marks. Tears flowed gently from the corners of his eyes, desperate for any attention from the brutal man with the keys to the handcuffs that were currently on him. He had been teased and fucked and slapped over again, for what seems like hours and hours, in complete bliss. Tom had the upperhand the whole time, being able to do whateverRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1403 Words   |  6 PagesJames walked slowly singing away to himself. The warmth of the sun was pleasant on his back and caused him to smile, to his left was a railway line and to his right a wide river with a current so strong it caused the water to froth. He had been walking for several hours now and decided it was time to take a break. He swung his rucksack off his back and sat on the damp grass path he had been walking on. He tore open his bag and grabbed one of the many chocolate bars he had packed, then took out anRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1576 Words   |  7 PagesWe’re in support group again, huddled in our own, white-walled rectangle. Every day, we meet and every day we share, right in the middle of our dark maze. Our maze didn’t naturally come with a support group room. I’m not sure what ghost decided to create one but, I do know that as a community, it was decided that we needed one. The idea was that we all needed to share; share our stories, our mistakes, and share all about the deadly power that makes us who we are. I mean, why else would we be isolatedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1299 Words   |  6 PagesLife has never been this difficult prior to 3017. Our Kingdom has been crumbling since the disappearance of the Gem, a magical stone that extends its powers to the protection of the Kingdom. The once tall, magnificent redwood trees protecting wildlife and hope now wither, with its discolored, curling leaves piled on the ground surrounding them. President Huckleberry, the leader of the kingdom, selected me to go on an expedition to retrieve the gem; it was my job to save the kingdom. A familiar ringRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1655 Words   |  7 Pagesnaturally form her into her true self. It was at that moment that I thought of the purest Daisy I can ever remember; that beautiful southern belle laughing hysterically as a menagerie of shirts rained on her from above. She deserved Gatsby, and he deserved her. Gatsby wouldn’t have loved the real Daisy. Maybe even Tom would have detested her despite her riches. They only loved the warped, twisted image put in front of them, loving her like someone loves a prized painting up for auction. But DaisyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1551 Words   |  7 Pageshimself face down in front of the oxen, stretched himself out on the ground, and told the driver to carry on if he wanted to.† (Plutarch. Greek Lives p. 223). Indeed Alcibiades had an absorbed critical attributes which in turn would allow him to walk a great path. Then this begs the question where is the polarity of his character, where is the good and bad? Nevertheless, there is a particular point which is critical in answering. By laying in-front of the oxen driven cart Alcibiades displays defianceRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald951 Words   |  4 PagesPaolina hung her pantyhose in their bathroom to dry, and it annoyed Antonello. They were so delicate that if his hand accidently brushed across them, the threads snagged easily on his finger nails, on the rough patches of his skin. The young craftswoman, button nose, sweet smile, reminded him of his mother’s Madonna, a statuette, the one she’d kept on her bedroom dresser to hang strands of rosary beads on. The one she knelt in front of before bed. His sister Carmela inherited the statuette – the

What can you learn about Roosevelt from this Source Free Essays

string(71) " Tax and did not have to pay for the Social Security of their workers\." What can you learn about Roosevelt from this Source? Explain your answer, using details from the source. (6 marks) One thing that I think you can learn from source A about Roosevelt is that he was clearly a kind and caring man. Although Source A has been taken out of context it is clear that the writer of this letter thought that Roosevelt was a very fine president. We will write a custom essay sample on What can you learn about Roosevelt from this Source? or any similar topic only for you Order Now From source A we can assume that the writer of this letter was having difficulties and was having trouble extending his mortgage so he wrote to the president asking for help. We can then assume that the President sent a letter in reply saying that he will send one of his workers or acquaintances to try and help the man/ woman get their house/furniture back for them. This shows that Roosevelt was very considerate and did not set himself back from the ordinary people of America. With acts like these, he inspired the American people and gave them courage throughout the Depression and Second World War. Though there are many things that can be learnt from source A about Franklin D. Roosevelt, there are still important things that cannot be learnt. We cannot learn whether the writer of this letter previously knew the President or find out who he or she was. Another important thing that we cannot find out from source A is the precise facts of what went on, i.e. was the house gong to be repossessed? Or what were his or her financial details? Without this information, it is hard to find out whether Roosevelt would have been as generous to everyone as he was to this person. Question 2 – Study sources B and C How far do these two sources differ in their view of Roosevelt as president? Explain your answer-using details from the sources and your own knowledge. (7 marks) Sources B and C differ in many ways. For example, one is anti-Roosevelt, and one is pro-Roosevelt. The cartoons were both drawn in the mid-1930’s but source C clearly attacks Roosevelt while source B is optimistic and shows that Roosevelt is trying to remove the bad and clean America up. These sources are both cartoons that are opposite and show the views that were circulating at that time. Source B shows that the treasurer is counting the cost of this clean up and shows that FDR is ready for work as his sleeves are rolled up, and portrays him as a very dedicated president. The cartoon for source B shows FDR carrying out his promises, one of these were to take ‘action and action now!’ Roosevelt worked alongside the Brain Trust, which was a group of experts, which passed new laws; one of these was called ‘The New Deal’. America’s economy was in such a state that Roosevelt was given emergency powers and with these he carried out his three aims which were: Relief, Recovery, and Reform. Roosevelt was prepared to provide a large amount of Government money to relieve the poor but to raise Government money taxes had to be raised and this, along with many other factors, is why the rich did not like FDR. In the mid-1930’s the newspapers were not in support of FDR, neither were businessmen and the Republicans, this was because they thought for one, that the New Deal would be making people lazy, and certain people would just depend on Government help and handouts. They also did not like the New Deal, as it was the well off that had to pay for the Social Security of their workers. Source C differs from source B completely, as source C shows the taxpayer’s money is being completely wasted and that all of the money that is getting put into the New Deal is not giving a just return. It shows that the actual New Deal has flaws in it that make the New Deal dysfunctional, whereas source B is pro-Roosevelt and shows that he is cleaning up the mess that President Hoover left America in. Source B shows that FDR is getting rid of all of the promises and things that Hoover was unable to carry out and things that were associated with Hoover. Source C and Source B can be seen as the rich and the poor people’s views at this time of American history. Source C as the rich and Source B as the poor and those affected by the Great Depression. Source B shows that FDR is clearing the old (bad) and making way for the new (good). He is giving moral to the citizens by showing them how to forget the past and to focus on the future. The sources differ, and another way of explaining this is the way in which source B states the year that the cartoon was drawn and says who it was by, whereas source C shown the cartoon and assumes that it was drawn in the mid 1930’s but does not say who by. Question 3 – Study sources D and E Which source is more reliable on the popularity of Roosevelt as president? Explain your answer, using details from the source and your own knowledge. (8 marks) The source that I think is more reliable on the popularity of Roosevelt as president is source E, I think for the following reasons. Source D is written by Roosevelt himself and shows his view on the previous government and what they did not do. He says and acknowledges that the previous government was dysfunctional and says that America had to go through nine years of allusions that Hoover and his government put forth. Roosevelt says that ‘powerful influences’ (businessmen, rich and Republicans) are still trying to bring back the old government that ‘failed’ and did not care for the ordinary people of America. This is probably because they did not have to pay as much money for Tax and did not have to pay for the Social Security of their workers. You read "What can you learn about Roosevelt from this Source?" in category "Papers" FDR states that government by organised money, i.e. rich businessmen, is as dangerous as decree by ‘thugs’. He says that it is the first time that he has been hated by these united forces, but he welcomes their hatred. Source E was written by a Republican opponent of the New Deal that clearly damned the New Deal. He says the deal is taking away far too much of ‘their’ money (the tax-payers) in an attempt to reap equality he also says that this is a defiance of all the ideas upon which our civilisation has been founded. He also says that the cautious with money are being taxed while the lazy poor simply inherit. I think that source E is the most reliable source to see how popular was, because it is written by an opponent to FDR and his laws but still says how much FDR is helping to ‘relieve, recover and reform’ those badly affected by the Great Depression. By doing so, it proves that those affected by the Great Depression and those left jobless were greatly helped by Roosevelt and were very fond of him as a president, whereas the republicans and the rich businessmen did not like him at all. So, taking into account that almost everyone in America was affected by the Great Depression and were looking for a president that would help them out, FDR would have been extremely popular with the general population, excluding the rich, which were at this time a minority. Source E, as written by an anti-FDR citizen shows this, which is why I have chosen source E as the most reliable source. Question 4 – Study sources F and G Which source is more useful for assessing the success of Roosevelt’s New Deal? Explain your answer, using details from the source and your own knowledge (8 marks) The source that I think is more reliable on the popularity of Roosevelt as president is source G, I think for the following reasons. Source G shows a table that illustrates the performance of the US economy during the 1930s and from this chart it is clear to see some very important facts about the great depression and how it affected the labour force and the unemployed people of America in the 30s. It is very useful because you can easily see the evidence and Information of the facts of the depression and what the new deal achieved. Source G is more useful than the other source because it shows how successful the new deal actually was, it also allows us to see how much unemployment was reduced and was the new deal actually achieved. Source G shows us that that when the Second World War occurred countries were in high demand of manufactured goods and that is how America was lifted out of the depression. It also shows us that the graph on source G shows us that the new deal continually needed money to be pumped into it in order to stop the situation getting any worse and hopefully improve it. Source F shows us that the new deal made many citizens happy. Therefore source F shows us how successful the new deal was at gaining popularity from the cartoon, though this is not reliable evidence and a cartoon on the from of an NRA song book can not prove to us that that was the impression of Roosevelt though we can speculate. Source F shows us popularity and is not particularly accurate as it was an artist’s impression and the artist that drew the cartoon would have been commissioned so they would have been made to embellish. Source F is not really an accurate source to analyse Roosevelt’s success. It is not useful because it just shows people marching and shows Roosevelt’s popularity with the people. The two sources show two different types of success of the new deal. but. Source F shows us how successful the new deal was but it is not useful like source g.. Source F does not show us how successful the new deal was it just shows us that it had popularity†¦ Source G therefore shows us more things and is therefore more useful and it is more reliable than source f. Source G shows so much more than source F and is therefore more useful in showing how successful the new deal was and what it achieved. Question 6 – study all of the sources and use your own knowledge. The following are two different views of Roosevelt: (i) He was a great leader, who inspired his country More sources support the interpretation that Roosevelt was a great leader than that he was an inconsistent president. The evidence that supports the interpretation that Roosevelt was an inconsistent president was unreliable. Source C is attacking the New deal. This source is unreliable because many of the newspaper owners were hostile to Roosevelt. Source E is also attacking the New deal but his is unreliable because an opposition of Roosevelt wrote it and it was written at a time when Roosevelt was unpopular. Also sources J and I are attacking Roosevelt but these are also unreliable. From this I can say that the evidence that says that Roosevelt was an inconsistent president is unreliable. From the evidence that suggests that Roosevelt was a good president there are still unreliable sources. An unreliable source A because it could have been written by anyone who supported Roosevelt. Source B is an inaccurate source because we do not know who Drew the carton. Source d is also unreliable because Roosevelt himself wrote the speech. Source F is unreliable because people who supported Roosevelt drew it. But Source G is reliable because it is a government document and therefore unlikely that it would be inaccurate. Source H is reliable because an historian wrote it and therefore the historian would have a balanced opinion because he would have analysed lots of evidence and he was not intimately involved with the depression. From this there are two pieces of evidence that are reliable and support the statement that Roosevelt was a great leader. The best-supported interpretation is that Roosevelt was a great leader, who inspired his country, relieved poverty and distress and dealt with the depression in an imaginative way. How to cite What can you learn about Roosevelt from this Source?, Papers

The Journals of the Commercial Association - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the The Journals of the Commercial Association. Answer: Introduction The fact of the case is Solicitor Louis Diprose is the plaintiff and Carol Mary Louth is the defendant. The plaintiff was twice divorced person who became friends with the deafened in Tasmania and had intercourse on two occasions. When plaintiff proposed to defendant, he was got rejected and started to live with his three children in Adelaide. Later the defendant has told to him that she was in depression and wants to commit suicide. She was facing some financial problems and living with her sisters soon-to-be-ex husband where she might be asked to leave the house. However, plaintiff has brought the house for the defendant for $58,000 and started a relationship. After three years when the defendant wants to end the relationship, plaintiff has asked to transfer the house to him but she refused and plaintiff brought a legal case against her. Now according to the fact of the case, the issue has been found that whether the house has given to the defendant as a gift or not? If the house was given as a gift, then what will be the result of the unconscionable conduct? Court OutCome The unconscionable conduct defined in the contract law where the law of trust is enforceable based on the obligations, which are unfairly exploiting the unequal power of the consenting parties. According to the fact of the unconscionability, it makes the conflict with the inequality of bargain power. Sometimes due to some area of law, it could depend on the facts of duress, undue influence and exploitation of weakness (Goldberger, 2016). Therefore, when the unconscionability arises in any case, it caused due to someones bargain on the process of duress or the undue influence or someone will become exploited. In that moment the court, become unconscionable at the time of the enforcement of the law in the case. In the case of Lloyds Bank Ltd v Bundy 1975 is one of the case where the court has accepted the term of inequality of bargaining power which accepted the unconscionability due to the doctrine of undue influence. Duress is describe in the law of doctrine which use as law defense when a person is committing any offence of force r threatened to another person causes harm. In the contract law, duress involve with illegitimate threats. Therefore, when duress is claimed it must be in the nature of threats against of the terms of the contract. The treat is always illegitimate because it involves with unlawful acts where breaking or terminate the terms of the contract by knowing the non-payment might be pushed someone out of the business. The duress could be physical threats or economic duress. According to the terms of consideration, it must not make any conflict with the terms of contract. Role of the Relevant Court in The Case This is the one of the significant case of Australian Contract Law where the High Court of Australia has considered it as unconscionable conduct. The court has suspected and detailed to the defendant that at the time of transferring the house, plaintiff has put the conducts of unconscionability (Goldberger, 2016). At the time of the formation of contract, plaintiff was entitled to the land but the placed in the name of the defendant. Justice King has stated in this case that the defendant has put pressures on him, which caused unconscionable conducts. Due to in the condition of depression, the improvident purchase of the house for defendant by the plaintiff was became explicable only as because he was emotionally depends and influenced by her. At the time of the formation of the contract, defendant has conducted that she will suicide, which put pressures and emotional situation for the plaintiff. Therefore, the defendants conduct was unconscionable. It is also stated that due to the unconscionable conducts, it could be calculated to induce and actually inducing an improvident transaction conferring a benefit upon her. It is against of the nature of the legal contract. In that moment the court, become unconscionable at the time of the enforcement of the law in the case. The trial was dismissed. According to the fact of the case, it can be concluded that it is become the unconscionable conducts and the land is transferred to the plaintiff. Reference Brody, G., Temple, K. (2016). Unfair but not illegal: Are Australia's consumer protection laws allowing predatory businesses to flourish?. Alternative Law Journal, 41(3), 169-173. Goldberger, J. (2016). Unconscionable conduct and unfair contract terms. Commercial Law Quarterly: The Journal of the Commercial Law Association of Australia, 30(2), 17. Lloyds Bank Ltd v Bundy 1975 QB 326 Louth v Diprose High Court of Australia (1992) 175 CLR 621; [1992] HCA 61 Newell, C. (2016). What to do in a multiple offer scenario. REIQ Journal, (Dec 2016-Jan 2017), 36.

The History Of The Ku Klux Klan Essays - , Term Papers

The History of the Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) is one of America's oldest and most feared groups. Driven by the dream of a world with only one master race, the KKK often uses violence and moves above the law to promote their cause. They didn't start of violent, or to promote white supremacy. They have been in the shadows for over 130 years and continue to thrive in America's society today. The Ku Klux Klan began almost accidentally during the reconstruction period after the civil war in the Southern United States. The southern people had suffered greatly from the effects of the great war. Many of them lost their homes and plantations. Many also lost friends and loved ones to the war. The people needed a release from the sorrow of everyday life. In 1865, six men from a small town in Tennessee accidentally began what has grown to be the largest and most feared "hate group" in the country. The men decided to make a club to help release the stress of the times. The men were all poor and could not afford to make gowns or great costumes for the group, so they decided to use linens. They wore the linens over their backs and put pillowcases on their heads. They also draped the linens over their horses. The Ku Klux Klan was going to ride for the first time. In the beginning, the men wanted to do nothing more than play pranks on people. However, the people were more frightened than they were cheered up. They soon realized what they could do with these fear tactics. The South had turned into a place that was no longer theirs. The slaves were now free (many of these men were slave owners) and carpetbaggers were coming from the North to take advantage of the southern people. They saw the opportunity to set back the South to what it had been. The KKK soon began to ride through political rallies of the carpetbaggers. People often fled the rallies out of fear. Word quickly spread across the South about these masked men. Many people loved the idea and wanted to be involved. The Klan quickly grew. A leader was soon needed to control the large group. Their first choice was Southern General Robert E. Lee. Although he supported the group and its cause, he was very ill and could not handle the task. Their next choice was a man named Nathan Bedford Forrest. Forrest, although he wasn't as well known as General Lee, he was a great leader. He was born in Mississippi and owned a plantation. He fought for the confederate army for a long time before they recognized his abilities. Although he didn't arrive early enough to greatly impact the war, he gained the respect of the top confederate leaders. After the war he was infuriated by the carpetbaggers and needed a way to fight back. He saw the Ku Klux Klan as a way to do it. He was quickly accepted as the "Grand Wizard". He had absolute power over the Klan members. The men were eager to do what he said, they trusted him. Many of the men were in need of a sense of belonging. The KKK gave them this. The Klan was very secretive, all of the members were safe from people knowing their real identities (if that was their wish). Because of this secrecy, they gained the alternate name of "The Invisible Empire". The Klan really began to take control in the year of 1868. They vowed to rid the south of carpetbaggers, blacks and any person who supported them. They stole the oppositions goods, beat them and even killed them. These murders were known as "lynching". They would drag the person to the center of the town and hang them in front of everyone. This method was very effective, people feared it would happen to themselves if they had anything to do with the carpetbaggers or blacks. After the U.S. government removed troops from the South in the late 1800's, the Klan achieved its goal. Many of the groups disbanded and Forrest left. After the turn of the century, it started again. This time the goal was much larger, freeing America of all non white, Christian Americans. This is the Ku Klux Klan we know today. The new breed of Klan differed from the old version in many ways. The old Klan wanted to set things back to the old ways. They wanted their freedom back and

Free Essays on Trafficking

Trafficking in persons is a modern-day form of slavery, involving victims who are typically forced, defrauded or coerced into sexual or labor exploitation. It is among the fastest growing criminal activities, occurring both worldwide and in individual countries. Annually, at least 700,000 people, mostly women and children, are trafficked worldwide, including 50,000 persons into the United States. The unequal status of women and children in the world has led to exploitation on every continent, including the United States where personal freedoms are cherished. Women are snared into trafficking by various means. For example, physical force is used or false promises are made regarding a legitimate job or marriage in a foreign country to entrap victims into prostitution, pornography and other forms of commercial sexual exploitation or slavery-like labor conditions in factories and fields. Victims suffer physical and emotional abuse, rape, threats against self and family, passpor t theft, and physical restraint. Traffickers have taken advantage of the disparate position of women and girls in the source and transit countries, including harmful stereotypes as women as property, commodities, servants, and sexual objects. Traffickers have also taken advantage of the demand for cheap unprotected labor, and the promotion of sex tourism in some countries. Trafficking into the sex industry also has serious societal consequences as it contributes to the spread of HIV and AIDS. Some trafficked women are required to engage in unprotected sex. Particularly disturbing is a case uncovered by INS where at least one trafficker was purchasing HIV-positive females because he found them to be cheap labor and since he believed they had nothing to live for. The trafficking industry worldwide also is closely intertwined with other related criminal activities, such as extortion, racketeering, money laundering, and bribery of public officials, d... Free Essays on Trafficking Free Essays on Trafficking Trafficking in persons is a modern-day form of slavery, involving victims who are typically forced, defrauded or coerced into sexual or labor exploitation. It is among the fastest growing criminal activities, occurring both worldwide and in individual countries. Annually, at least 700,000 people, mostly women and children, are trafficked worldwide, including 50,000 persons into the United States. The unequal status of women and children in the world has led to exploitation on every continent, including the United States where personal freedoms are cherished. Women are snared into trafficking by various means. For example, physical force is used or false promises are made regarding a legitimate job or marriage in a foreign country to entrap victims into prostitution, pornography and other forms of commercial sexual exploitation or slavery-like labor conditions in factories and fields. Victims suffer physical and emotional abuse, rape, threats against self and family, passpor t theft, and physical restraint. Traffickers have taken advantage of the disparate position of women and girls in the source and transit countries, including harmful stereotypes as women as property, commodities, servants, and sexual objects. Traffickers have also taken advantage of the demand for cheap unprotected labor, and the promotion of sex tourism in some countries. Trafficking into the sex industry also has serious societal consequences as it contributes to the spread of HIV and AIDS. Some trafficked women are required to engage in unprotected sex. Particularly disturbing is a case uncovered by INS where at least one trafficker was purchasing HIV-positive females because he found them to be cheap labor and since he believed they had nothing to live for. The trafficking industry worldwide also is closely intertwined with other related criminal activities, such as extortion, racketeering, money laundering, and bribery of public officials, d...

A Mans Character is his Fate

The statement, â€Å"a man’s character is his fate† is a very powerful statement that I strongly agree with. I believe this is true because, in my opinion, you choose your fate by the actions and choices you make every day and your actions and choices make up your character. Someone’s character can say a lot about them and your character most always chooses your fate. Your character determines what happens in your life and what path you take in your lifetime just as fate does. This is a strong quote because it suggests that your character determines your fate and your fate is completely dependent on your character. I think this quote says that if you have good character your fate will be good but if you have bad character, in return, you fate will be bad. If a person’s character is bad and they consistently make terrible decisions and actions than their fate is bad but if a person makes correct and morally-good decisions their fate will be good. This is a good quote for people to live by because it encourages them to have a positive, strong character and if they do they will have a positive and fulfilling life ahead of them. I believe this quote is very good and very powerful because when thought about it can change your outlook on your whole life and hopefully, make transformation from bad character to good character in all people. I think this quote is great and has a very unique place in the movie â€Å"The Emperor’s Club†.

DC Circuit Basics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DC Circuit Basics - Assignment Example Mathematically, ‘Q’ is directly proportional to ‘C’ keeping ‘V’ constant. The latter proves the same point. In question 3, the diagram has a voltage source and a resistance, in the form of a lamp. In order for the lamp to light a complete circuit in order for the electric current to flow is necessary. The electrons flow from high positive potential to low negative potential (in conventional current) through a low resistance path. In case, the circuit is not complete, the electrons encounter a high resistance path i.e air or vacuum. The latter causes no current to flow leading to the lamp not lighting. Mathematically, the ohms law provides reason. Ohms law is stated as: The current drawn from a battery is linked with the potential difference across the battery. When two batteries were attached the potential difference was twice as much as when a single battery was connected. Applying the latter fact with Ohms law: Since the same toy car is used each time, we can safely assume that ‘R’ is constant. This gives the relation, I is directly proportional with V. When V is halved then I must also be halved. Therefore, option B being correct. Substituting the values for the blender and car vacuum separately we find that the power drawn for the blender is 480W while power drawn by the car vacuum is 60W. And so, we can conclude that the blender draws more

Strategic Marketing (StarHub Internet) Research Paper

Strategic Marketing (StarHub Internet) - Research Paper Example But, in the era of the 21st century focusing on one method of marketing is considered as equivalent to committing organizational suicide and therefore, modern businesses are forced to use a bunch of marketing techniques in order to stay in the business (Fahy and Smithee 1999). Moreover, marketing and advertisement is away from the noble concept of ethics and righteousness (Robin and Reidenbach 1987). The marketing is considered marketing whether or not it is dirty. So the staff in the advertisement department is supposed to keep the products and services of the company selling in order to keep their jobs (Botan 1997) The distribution strategy is a means of devising a system and mechanism for delivering the products to the customers. The business in the 21st century cannot survive without placement of the products as soon as possible. The internet service provider is recommended to develop the internal state of the art system and then, move on to the next stage of promoting itself and its services. The main idea is to boost the organizational ability to provide services when customers need or demand them. The external environment of the business has a profound impact on internal matters and practices of the business (Bourgeois 1980). The concerned Strategic Business Unit is operating in an industry that is characterized as well developed and established and therefore, the company is in need to follow the industrial norms strictly. The management is recommended to blend in the market before thinking of innovating. In opening few years, the SBU will not be able to do much more than surviving through the challenges of the industry (Sethi 1979). The SBU’s first and paramount objective is to find balance and sustainability in a challenging environment and these objectives and goals can be obtained by following industrial standards and norms at in initial one or two years (Hult, Hurley and Knight 2004). But, the quality of services should be maintained in a lon g term perspective. The external environment of the internet industry is well established and therefore, management of the company is suggested to introduce standardizations and development of standard operating procedures. The structure of SBU will also be divided clearly and there should be departmentalization. The task of providing internet services is a simple one and because of this reason, management does not have much room for innovation and newness while performing business activities. Product Augmentation Strategy The product augmentation strategy is used to mix two or more offerings in one package so that the customer can receive more value in less amount of money. This strategy is rate as the most effective one, when an organization is working to develop it market presence and share. The internet service provider is recommended to provide high quality cloud printing and scanning services along with traditional ones and therefore, the customers may receive more value than their expectations and anticipations. The receipt of more customer value will induce the consumers to become repeated benefiters. These strategies will be designed for one to two initial years and then the business unit must expand its geographical reach. The core source of creating customer value in internet industry is the quality of internet downloading and uploading speed. In the modern society people have internet connections

Racial Formation Categories Essay Example for Free

Racial Formation Categories Essay Answer the following questions in 150 to 350 words each: Throughout most of U.S. history in most locations, what race has been the majority? What is the common ancestral background of most members of this group? The white race has been the majority race in most locations throughout history in the United States. It is still the majority race in this country today. Most members of this group share German ancestry. The second is Irish and the third is English. This makes sense to me because it seems like most of the time when you ask what country someones ancestors came from they usually say German, Irish, or both. At least for me those are the answers I have got the most from people. Some regions of the United States have higher Italian American populations such as the North Eastern region. As far as I know, I am 100% English. What are some of the larger racial minorities in U.S. history? What have been the common ancestral backgrounds of each of these groups? When did each become a significant or notable minority group? In what ways have laws been used to enforce discrimination? Provide examples. These laws were intended against which racial minorities? In what ways have laws been used to eliminate discrimination? Provide examples. Did the laws work to eliminate discrimination?

Four Conditions for Knowledge Essay -- Essays Papers

Four Conditions for Knowledge I. In this paper, I offer a solution to the Gettier problem by adding a fourth condition to the justified true belief analysis of knowledge. First though, a brief review. Traditionally, knowledge had been accounted for with the justified true belief analysis. To know something, three conditions had to be met: first, you had to have a belief; second, the belief had to be justified; third, this justified belief had to be true. So a justified true belief counts as knowledge. Gettier however showed this analysis to be inadequate as one can have a justified true belief that no one would want to count as knowledge. In the first Gettier counterexample, Smith is justified in believing that Jones is the man who will get the job. Smith’s also justified in believing that Jones has ten coins in his pocket. From that he infers and has a justified belief that the man who will get the job has ten coins in his pocket. It turns out that the man who gets the job is not Jones but Smith, and Smith does in fact have ten coins in his pocket. Smith has a justified true belief that the man who will get the job has ten coins in his pocket. However, this shouldn’t count as knowledge. In the second Gettier counterexample, Smith is justified in believing Jones owns a Ford. Therefore, he’s justified in believing Jones owns a Ford or Brown is in Barcelona. Turns out, Jones doesn’t own a Ford but Brown is in fact in Barcelona. Once again, we have an example of a justified true belief that shouldn’t count as knowledge. ... ...eliefs: (a) I’m in a community of barn facades. (b) That looks like a barn (q), his belief that he sees a barn, isn’t justified, though. Therefore, Dom cannot know (q). The internalism of my account is obvious. What’s required for justification of (q) is different for Henry and Dom because of each’s belief about the kind of environment he is in. It is the belief about the environment and not the environment that matters. In other words, two people could be in the exact same circumstances but what required for justification would be different because of the beliefs they have. Causal accounts of knowledge can’t account for why Henry is justified for (q), but Dom is not. My account is not a causal account; as is shown in the Dom variation above, my account has no problem accounting for the different justifications required for Dom and for Henry.

1984 vs. Animal Farm Essay

In both novels Nineteen Eighty-Four and Animal Farm there are many similarities. Three main topics, which will be discussed in this essay, are: control, isolation, and rebellion. The governing powers in each society of the two novels use control and isolation as tools for suppressing rebellion to ensure their reign of the social authority for future years to come. In Nineteen Eighty-Four, the government, also known as â€Å"the Party†, controls the society Winston lives in. This takes place near the eastern side of the world and it is separated into three areas: Eurasia, Eastasia and Oceania. These three lands are constantly at war with each other and are controlled by different governors. Winston lives in Oceania and the Party’s leader is someone named â€Å"Big Brother†. No one has ever seen this person before, but is said to exist. The Party abolishes every type of art including the art of having free will. These abilities were destroyed, smothered, and obliterated through careful means, and anyone having them was stated insane, dangerous, and antisocial. To prevent these laws from being broken, the Party brainwash people and have â€Å"Telescreens† that can monitor everyone’s actions and a security task force called â€Å"Thought Police† to enforce these laws with torture and pain. â€Å"The Thought Police would get him just the same. He had committed, even if he had never set pen to paper, the essential crime that contained all others in itself. Thoughtcrime, they called it. Thoughtcrime could not be concealed forever. You might dodge successfully for a while, even for years, but sooner or later they ware bound to get you† (pg. 166) The Thought Police are so feared that even Winston is afraid to break any of the laws. He knows he wants to write, but is already afraid before he even starts. This is how the Party suppresses the society. Likewise, in Animal Farm, â€Å"control† is involved with its society as well. The animals portrayed in this novel represent human beings. The pigs are the smartest animals in the farm and they take control and manipulate the other  animals to do their dirty work. One of the pigs, Napoleon, has taken the throne of power with force and he controls the farm by using all the animals for his own benefit. Like Nineteen Eighty-Four, there are laws in Animal Farm, but as time goes by they are changed and shaped to his liking. To enforce Napoleon’s way of life, he uses savage dogs (which he raises from birth) to suppress the society (the animals). The dogs are just like the â€Å"Thought Police† in Nineteen Eighty-Four. â€Å"All that year the animals worked like slaves. But they were happy in their work; they grudged no effort or sacrifice, well aware that everything they did was for the benefit of themselves and those of their kind who would come after them, and not for a pack of idle, thieving human beings.†Ã‚  (pg. 51) Napoleon and the Party are the same. They both control the society with manipulation or control and anyone who does not follow their rules, are dealt with. Isolation in Nineteen Eighty-Four, is displayed by the whole society itself. It can be seen through the laws of each land and how the wars between them. The Party constantly tells the society false information to keep them where they are. It tries to keep the population from leaving their land and moving to another, even though it is impossible since every other land is equally isolated. The society is constantly given false information about their land being in war with this one to frighten the people. The Party tries to keep the society separated from other ones to ensure that no other power can overthrow them. For example, if another land were to gain a higher population, they would have more power and more control. Thus, showing the Party’s isolation. â€Å"Once when he happened in some connection to mention the war against Eurasia, she startled him by saying casually that in her opinion the war was not happening. The rocket bombs which fell daily on London were probably fired by the Government of Oceania itself, â€Å"just to keep people frightened†.† (pg.  154) Just the same, Animal Farm, is isolated. The animals take over the farm and they keep themselves away from the humans. They even change the original name of the farm to â€Å"Animal Farm† once they have taken it over. The farm is isolated from the rest of the society. The animals in the farm are separated and even have their own governors. In the farm, the animals believe that all animals are comrades and the only enemy against them is â€Å"man†. They believed that they were better off without the humans and that they would live even better lives than the humans. â€Å"The animals were happy as they had never conceived it possible to be. Every mouthful of food was an acute positive pleasure, now that it was truly their own food, produced by themselves and for themselves, not doled out to them by a grudging master† (pg. 24) The animals are isolated from the humans and now that they are, they believe that they are truly happier and productive than they were in the past. Many of the people in Nineteen Eighty-Four are brainwashed and are made to believe that they are living a prosperous life. The people have no idea that the world they live in is actually a lie, except for Winston, who believes otherwise. Inside his heart, he hates the Party even though he works for them. His work is to produce false information and deliver it to the society. Winston hates this, thus leading him to rebel. To fight against the Party, there is a group led by a man named â€Å"Goldenstein† and the only purpose of the group is to stop the Party. In the end the rebellion is useless and nothing actually comes good out of it. Nothing can change the Party and nothing will. â€Å"He was walking down the white-tiled corridor, with the feeling of walking in sunlight, and an armed guard at his back. The long-hoped-for bullet was entering his brain? He loved Big Brother† (pg. 300) Even though Winston has joined the rebellion, it is shown that it won’t  succeed. The rebellion is proven that it won’t succeed in this quote. Winston represents the rebellion in general and the bullet represents the Party. The bullet has entered Winston’s brain and has killed him, just like how the Party will kill the rebellion. Similarly, Animal Farm has a rebellious group. Like Nineteen Eighty-Four, the animals represented the rebels and that â€Å"man† represented the Party. â€Å"Man†, just like the Party, had complete control over the farm. Then the animals decided it was time, and raged war with â€Å"man†. The difference is that the animals did actually overthrow the government unlike the rebels in Nineteen Eighty-Four, but the rebels in both novels still have the same goal. â€Å"Man is the only creature that consumes without producing. He does not give milk, he does not lay eggs, he is too weak to pull the plough, he cannot run fast enough to catch rabbits. Yet he is lord of all the animals. He sets them to work, he gives back to them the bare minimum that will prevent them from starving, and the rest he keeps for himself†Ã‚  (pg. 7) The animals rebel for same reasons as Winston did. They are living in a world where they are all mistreated. To sum it up, there are many similarities between Nineteen Eighty-Four and Animal Farm. Both powers in each novel have complete control of the society, and use isolation and force to subdue them. This never-ending fight for control will never stop and any change will just result in a large cycle leading back to the same problems.

Difference of Drama and Prose fiction

Often times, drama has been confused with prose fiction by several people. As a student of literature, I have seen so many people confuse the two together. Sometimes they say; â€Å"it’s all the same†. The question is this true? If not, what are the differences between them? These are the question that I will attempt to answer in this essay. For the purpose of clarity and precision, It will suffice to make an overview at what literature itself is.Literature can be seen as the collection of written works of a specific language, at a particular time, in a given culture which might be imaginative or creative in nature and is usually of specific artistic worth. Every society has its own literature but they are in different levels. Some are advanced while some are not. The basic genres of literature are drama, poetry, prose but in this essay, restriction will be on drama and prose fiction. Drama as a genre of literature is the detailed style of fiction characterized by acts. The etymology is from a Greek work which means â€Å"action† or â€Å"to do†.On the other hand, prose fiction is also a genre of literature that deals with writings that differ in meter and rhyme to poetry. It is a form of writing that has a lot of similarity to our everyday speech. The question here is what differentiates these two genres of literature? How can we separate both when we see them? The answers to these questions are enumerated below in the following paragraphs. The first difference between drama and literature likes in the fact that drama is meant for a live performance which is directed at a live audience.This is better portrayed in some words associated with drama such as words like play and show. On the other hand, a prose fiction is directed by the author to a single person at a time- the person reading the work. Another difference is that drama communicates in the present while prose does not. Also, in drama, the personality of the playwright is mo stly hidden in the sense that there are several characters in the work while in the case of prose fiction, the author selects the character and therefore, this personality might reflect in his work.Furthermore, in drama the actor impersonates a role while in prose fiction the character imitates the person. In the case of drama, the entire thing the playwright has in presenting the story is the dialogue while in prose fiction the dialogue is imitated language that does not carry the plot forward. Another difference in drama and prose fiction lies in the fact that in drama, in order to make the audience understand the play better, gestures are used. On the other hand, in the case of prose fiction, what the author manipulates the text in order for the reader to better understand the work.In addition, in drama, the audience decides what mode they will be although the dramatists have an influence over the mode but they can not alter the mode. In prose fiction, the author decides the mode , setting, the character and what he wants the reader to know. Summarily, it should be noted that although these two genres of literature have sharp differences, they both come from the same family and they both serve as means of entertainment and means of communication.

Speech to Inform Essays

Speech to Inform Essays Speech to Inform Essay Speech to Inform Essay Essay Topic: A Dolls House A Woman Killed With Kindness Catching Fire Fight Club Novel The Book Of the City Of Ladies The Joy Luck Club Speech To Inform Speech to inform:Euro-2012 In April 2007, Ukraine and Poland were named co-hosts for Euro 2012 tournament. This joint bid, taking into account Ukraines tough economic condition and administration problems, has become a headache for UEFA President Michel Platini. The matches will be staged at eight venues, divided between the co-host countries. Ukraine is behind the schedule, having problems with modernization of airports, roads, and rail networks. As a co-host country, Poland seems to be doing better than Ukraine. Yet, it also has lots of problems. Platini made it clear that without modern stadiums in capital cities, Warsaw and Kiev, neither Poland nor Ukraine would host Euro-2012. Platini persuades Europe that football will develop in the East to an unimagined level after Euro-2012. It is true that football is very popular in Poland and in the countries of the former Soviet Union. Football teams have rich sponsors and good training centers. Their football stars for leading football clubs, like Andrei Shevchenko, a world-class star of the Ukrainian origin. Warsaws preparation for Euro-2012 is in full swing. The National Stadium in Warsaw is being constructed. Although the winter was not favorable for construction, much had been done to construct the stadiums diaphragm. The UEFA delegation visited Vrozlaw to assess the capacities of its airport and hotel accommodation. The new air terminals capacity will be seven million passengers yearly. A Polish-Greek consortium will build a stadium in Vroclaw with a stand for 42000 spectators. The Olympic stadium in Kiev is being reconstructed as well. Ukraine started to build a stadium in Lwow. Ukrainian authorities promise to finish the construction on time. The final list of city-hosts will have been prepared by the middle of May 2009. Each country hopes to host at least four venues. For example, besides Ukraines capital Kiev it may be Donetsk whose construction sites are sponsored by local oligarchs, owners of the local sports club Shakhtar. It may be Lwow that borders on Poland and has historical places under UNESCO protection. Poland and Ukraine were a surprise choice for Euro-2012, and Ukraine, in particular, still is. Football fans expect a lot from Euro-2012. There may be inconveniences, like unsatisfactory infrastructure in Ukraine. Poland could organize Euro-2012 alone. Ukraine as a co-host is a political decision that is more symbolic than pragmatic. Speech to Inform:Terorrism The anti-terrorist movement after 9/11 disaster. It has taken a burdensome mission to lead the global anti-terrorist movement, with the enemy invisible, hidden, and unpredictable. This mission gave birth to many mistakes and distorted the idea of a noble peacemaking mission. Civilian populations in Iraque and Afghanistan got involved; no progress was made against terrorism as the evil of the 21st century. Notorious violations of civil and human rights in Iraque ended in many protests, especially in the Muslim world. Terrorism is the plaque of the 21st century. Global mass media terrorize populations with the reports of shocking terrorist attacks. But the roots of terrorism remain untouched. Yet, terrorism may be viewed from the three perspectives. Terrorists defend their civil and human rights, they fight against injustice and discrimination. This is their story that must be heard. Victims suffer physically and psychologically from terrorist activities. They experience pressure, instability, danger, and unsafety. For them, terrorists are criminals that deliberately take away human lives. The public opinion depends on the attitude to either terrorists or victims. In the Muslim world terrorists may be treated as victims. In the rest of the world terrorists are considered to be criminals whose acts of severe violence must be punished. Terrorism is an asymmetric form of conflict because it always divides all the participants involved. It is a strategy and tactic, a duty and a crime, a reaction to oppression and an inexcusable abomination. Terrorism attracts public attention by committing severe acts of violence in public places and endangering lives of lots of people. It is savage-like and inhuman, for it values neither the life of a freedom fighter nor the life of a victim who is killed or badly injured only because he or she happened to be in the target place. Terrorists kill to obtain public exposure. The United States has defined the anti-terrorist priority measures. They include chemical plant security, transit security, terrorism risk insurance, disaster response, nuclear waste, and drinking water safety. It is hard to curb terrorism for several reasons. First, terrorists are well organized and have a strong network which is tied by fanatic faith in their cause. Second, terrorists are unseen. They are scattered all over the world, arranging terrorist attacks in unpredictable places. Third, terrorists are outrageous and resolute, fearless and stubborn to give their lives for their cause. Fourth, terrorists have support of the civilians who are on their side. Terrorism is our nightmare, unseen danger that may cost us our life. Terrorism is a criminal act, since no fight for justice can be justified by murders of innocent people. Without extricating the roots of terrorism, our governments will never achieve positive results. Terrorism is a response to oppression, poverty, and discrimination. When human rights are universally respected, terrorism will not have a justifiable soil under its feet. Cultivate love, not hate in your heart. Try to understand what drives terrorists. Remember, terrorism is like a love triangle: it is different form a terrorists, victims or public opinions perspectives. Speech To Actuate efinition – A speech intended to make an audience perform an action as desied by the speaker. The typical example, the characteristics of contents, development and manner of delivery would depend upon whether the action is to secure through either emotional arousal (Speech to Stimulate) or intellectual agreement (Speech to Convince). Common Errors Antaginizing your audience by dictating to or brow-beating them. Lead; don’t push! Begging ! Don’t give the impression that you have nothing to offer. Threating! This brings only resentment. Taking the negative approach by describing in unfluttering or caustic terms fail to do as you ask. Talking so far past the point of â€Å"closing the deal† that acceptance, or antagonism. Speech To Persuade HACC, Lancaster Campus Speech 101, Mr. Fernandes THE SPEECH TO PERSUADE (An Example) Note: The data presented in this sample speech is fictitious and is intended only as a backdrop for this illustration. Also, this example illustrates a mid point between the initial narrative form and the final note card form of the speech. This entire speech should be reduced to three or four 5 X 8 note cards for an extemporaneous presentation. Remember, the less narrative data on the note cards, the less temptation to read. Introduction 1. Attention: I wonder how many of us came to class tonighta wondering whether or not we would make it home safely? Most of us are not usually preoccupied with these type thoughts. But did you know that during the past 14 months 27 people have been seriously injured and 4 have been killed within one block of where you are sitting right now? 2. Personal Introduction: Good Evening, Im Jerry Fernandes 3. Motivational Statement: and tonight, Im going to provide you with some information that can literally save your life. In doing this Ill talk about 4. Overview: The nature of a serious problem that we are facing And then, Ill cover What has been done by city officials and law enforcement so far to resolve this problem And finally, Ill discuss What we can do now to protect ourselves from the threat this problem poses Body I. The problem that we are facing is the deadly intersection of H Street and Laurel Avenue. This intersection is dangerous to us all because it has no stop light. According to a summary of Lompoc City Police reports filed within the last 14 months, there have been 19 collisions at the corner of H Street and Laurel Avenue. Of these, 19 collisions, 11 were attributed to the failure of East/West Laurel Avenue traffic to stop at H Street. The remaining 8 accidents were attributed to motorist traveling North an d South on H Street, striking cars in the rear that had just turned on to H street from Laurel Avenue. An analysis of Lompoc traffic accidents was prepared by Mr. J. T. Brown of the California Department of Motor Vehicles Mishap Investigation Division, and published February 22nd,1996. In this analysis, the underlying cause of these specific 19 traffic accidents was listed as the lack of adequate traffic control at the intersection of H Street and Laurel Avenue. The analysis further went on to site the installation of a traffic signal as the recommended solution. I have copies of both the Summary of Lompoc City Police reports and Mr. Browns analysis If you would care to review them for yourself later. Well, now that weve examined the nature of the threat we are facing lets take a look at what has been done so far to defend against this threat. II. Debate by city officials and increased patrols by law enforcement have not solved the problem. The Lompoc City Council has debated installing a traffic signal. During the last two City Council meetings held in January and February of this year, the council acknowledged the need for a traffic signal but concluded that the cost of $127,000. 00 would take away from funds needed for other city projects. Police increased patrol of this dangerous area from October to December of 1996. 6 of the 19 accidents occurred during this three month period. Police can not be permanently assigned to observe one intersection. Manning just wont permit that. - According to Patrolman Danny Glover, a Lompoc City Policeman who was involved in the additional patrol of the H Street and Laurel Avenue intersection area (and I quote) While Police were present an d visible, people were normally more careful, but when no police were present it was business as usual. So weve taken a look at what has been done so far, now lets look at what we can do to further protect ourselves. III. In order to protect ourselves and those we love, we can drive defensively, but most importantly, we must demand a traffic light be installed without further delay. Driving defensively is always a good idea. Just being aware of a dangerous situation will naturally make us more alert. The more attentive we are anywhere, but particularly at this dangerous intersection, the more apt we are to avoid an accident. ut driving defensively is just not enough We must have that traffic signal and we must have it NOW!!! When we get this traffic signal installed we will all be safer. Tragedies will be prevented. The city council must hear our voices. Remember, 27 people have already been seriously injured and 4 have died at this intersection. $127,000. 00 may be a lot of mon ey but can we afford not to spend it on a traffic signal for the intersection of Laurel Avenue and H Street? How long will it be before you and I are one of those accident victims? How often do you use this Intersection? Will you use this intersection tonight when you leave class? We cant wait any longer !!!!! If we do not act now and demand the installation of this traffic signal then we will be contributing to the injuries and deaths and pain to surviving families because of our lack of action. We must act now!! The next City Council meeting will be held April 12th, next Thursday at 7:00 p. m.. The agenda includes comments and a call to vote on this traffic signal issue. The more of us who attend that council meeting and support immediate installation of a traffic signal, the better the chance we will have of getting it . Ladies and Gentlemen, attend that meeting with me and with me, demand this traffic signal be installed immediately!!! Conclusion 1. Summary: Well, tonight we Took a look at the nature of a serious problem we are all facing. The Intersection of Laurel Avenue and H Street is a disaster waiting to happen to you and me and those we love. Remember the two separate documents which point to the lack of a traffic signal at this dangerous intersection as a prime contributing factor in the accidents which occurred there. Remember the 27 injured and 4 who were killed there, not one block from where we are right now. then We discussed what has been done so far by both city officials and law enforcement to deal with this problem. We saw that the City Council has been debating installing a traffic signal. We saw that the Police Department tried increased patrol of the area. But remember the words of Patrolman Glover, when he said that as soon as police were not immediately present it was business as usual. and finally We looked at what we can do to further protect ourselves from the threat posed by the serious problem of no traffic signal at the corner of H Street and Laurel Avenue. Remember, driving defensively is always a good idea. But most importantly, we saw that the immediate installation of a traffic signal is o ur best defense against this threat and we need to let our City Council know that we cant wait any longer. . Purpose Statement: So, ladies and gentlemen, now you have the information that can literally save your life. And so the time for action is here. I urge you to go to the City Council meeting with me next Thursday at 7:00 p. m. and demand a traffic signal be installed at the intersection of Laurel Avenue and H Street immediately!!! 3. Closure: If you need a ride to the meeting or if you have any questions, see me after class. Ill be happy to talk with you. Speech To Persuade Topic: Please Help Keep the World Safe SP: I want to actuate you to support banning guns Thesis: We should oppose gun ownership because guns are a weapon of violence and they increase the number of children who die each year which in turn makes people blind to the fact they are killing their own children. Introduction: Question: How many of you think guns are necessary to protect yourself? Would you feel the same way if you knew how often guns kill children? I dont think so! Magazines usually tell people how beautiful and powerful guns are, and never mention how many children get hurt by guns everyday. But I am here to ask all of you to oppose gun ownership because the fact is that guns are a weapon of violence, they take more lives away every year, and they make people blind to the fact they are killing their own children. I. Reason one: Having guns around the house creates the opportunity for lethal violence. A. People with guns who have unstable feelings or tempers can lead to violent consequences very easily. 1. My experience in a Chinese restaurant. (Explain) 2. A friend of my father shot his wife because of a simple argument. II. Reason two: Guns pose such a significant risk to children. A. Thousands of children dying by the gunfire each year. 1. Statistic: Eight children every day; and more than 50 children every week were killed by the gunfire. And every year, at least 4 to 5 times as many kids and teens suffer from non-fatal firearm injuries. (Childrens Defense Fund and National Center for Health Statistics) 2. Do we really need guns in our society? B. The rate of firearm deaths of children 0-14 years old is nearly twelve times higher in the U. S. than in 25 other developed nations combined. 1. Statistic: In one year, firearms killed no children in Japan, 19 in Great Britain, 57 in Germany, 109 in France, 153 in Canada, and 5,285 in the United States. (National Center for Health Statistics, 1997) 2. According to a study led by Matthew Miller found that in states where more guns are available, children are more likely to be victims of firearm- related deaths. . Children aged 5 to 14 living in one of the five high-gun states were twice as likely to commit suicide or to be murdered, three times as likely to die from firearm homicide, seven times as likely to die from firearm suicide, and 16 times as likely to die from a firearm-related accident. The study suggests the higher death rates are largely related to gun availability and are not due to difference in levels of poverty, education, or urbanization in these states. (Humphries as cited in Miller study, p. 1) b. People kill people with the use of guns III. Reason three: Guns create more family tragedies. A. Life can be taken very easily by improper use of firearms 1. Quote: Kalie was my baby sister, she loved pink. We were playing with her dolls. I found a gun in the drawer. It went off. I made Kalie go away. I hate me. (Atwan, America Now, 2003. Page 260) B. People might think that they can keep their weapons properly, but if there are no guns at all, there would be no chance of any gun-related accidents. C. Just think of Columbine High School and the senseless shootings there and all the families impacted by that tragedy. Conclusion: Bullets cannot be taken back, and the profit of firearm businesses cannot buy the lives that have been taken by firearms; therefore, we need to oppose gun ownership. I challenge you, the audience, to oppose gun ownership and save a life! Speech To Entertain Speaking to the Young Peoples Society in Greepoint, Brooklyn, in 1901, Mark Twain advised, â€Å"Always do right. This will gratify some people and astonish the rest. † Writers Block Speeches that entertain can have a more profound effect on your life than speeches that inform or persuade. Thats because entertaining speeches are delivered at social occasions that give you the opportunity to ingratiate yourself with your audience. This often results in promotions, new employment opportunities, business contacts, and other goodies. For centuries, speakers have been called upon to â€Å"say a few words† at various social events. These include club meetings, dinners, parties, graduations, holidays, weddings, and ribbon cuttings- all our social functions. Sometimes these speeches help create greater unity within an organization. Other times, they honor individuals or fulfill part of a social ritual or special ceremony. What makes these speeches different from the other forms Ive described so far is their purpose: They dont inform or persuade. Instead, they entertain. Heres how to write speeches that weave the social fabric a bit tighter. Crowd Pleaser When it comes to speeches that entertain, if you cant be brief, at least be memorable. Write a speech thats easy to remember and tantalizing for the press to quote. For example, Winston Churchill was once asked to give the commencement address at Oxford University. Following his introduction, he walked to the podium, said â€Å"Never, never give up,† and took his seat. When you write a speech that entertains, always start by assessing your audience. You know that audience analysis is a crucial component in every writing situation, but its especially vital when youre writing an entertaining speech because here, your listeners are gathered to have a good time. They dont have to stay to gather information or to listen to your viewpoint (so they can later rebut it). As a result, always start by thinking how you can make sure the audience gets what they came for. Consider their likes and dislikes and their level of sophistication. Author! Author! President Woodrow Wilsons Declaration of War Against Germany speech (1917) contains the famous line: â€Å"The world must be made safe for democracy. † The speech is also remarkable for Wilsons insistence that â€Å"we have no quarrel with the German people †¦ We fight without rancor and without selfish object. † Such self-restraint and Wilsons promise that victory would result in â€Å"a universal dominion of right† helped win liberal support for the war effort. Come on Baby, Let the Good Times Roll After you complete your audience analysis, select a central theme, just as you did with informative and persuasive speeches. But here, remember that your audience just wants to have fun. Your topic should be genial, good-natured, and suited to you: after all, if youre not having fun, how can anyone else party hearty? Your overall theme should be †¦ Optimistic. This is not the time to unburden your soul and let it all hang out. Keep it light. Uncomplicated. Dont make your audience do any heavy lifting to get your point. Instead, develop your speech around one or two points that your listeners can grasp easily. Lively. Select a theme that can be illustrated by pertinent anecdotes and humorous stories (if humor works with your comfort zone). But wait! Every entertaining speech, no matter how light and amusing, should have at least one serious point. A speech thats all sweetness and light can border on empty. Including one serious point serves as an anchor, so people feel like their getting their moneys worth, like the prize in the Cracker Jack box. The Line-Up Write Angles Open with your strongest anecdote and close with your second strongest one. Your listeners (just like your readers) will remember the beginning and end of your speech most clearly. Heres my favorite way to organize an entertaining speech: 1. Open with an anecdote. Select one that directly relates to your audience or purpose. 2. Explain the point of the anecdote. Describe how your speech will be organized around this point. 3. Beef up your theme with additional anecdotes. Remember to spread your anecdotes evenly through your speech so the really good stuff isnt all bunched in the beginning, middle, or end. 4. Conclude by restating your central point. 5. Finish with a great anecdote to ensure a memorable ending. Model Entertaining Speech #1 The following entertaining speech is by Mark Twain (1835-1910), one of the most captivating writers and speakers to ever grace a podium. Mark Twain, the pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, rocketed to fame with humorous local-color tales of the West; he became a media darling by transforming stories of his childhood into American myth. Twain was extraordinarily popular on the lecture circuit, a popular venue for public entertainment before movies, television, radio, and Madonna. Heres his speech: Author! Author! On May 13, 1940, Prime Minister Winston Churchill prepared England to battle the Nazis with these famous words: †¦ I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea, and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word. It is victory. Victory at all costs- Victory in spite of all terrors- Victory, however long and hard the roa d may be, for without victory there is no survival. My heart goes out in sympathy to anyone who is making his first appearance efore an audience of human beings. By a direct process of memory I go back forty years, less one month- for Im older than I look. I recall the occasion of my first appearance. San Francisco knew me then only as a reporter, and I was to make my bow to San Francisco as a lecturer. I knew that nothing short of compulsion would get me to the theater. So I bound myself by a hard-and-fast contract so that I could not escape. I got to the theater forty-five minutes before the hour set for the lecture. My knees were shaking so that I didnt know whether I could stand up. If there is an awful, horrible malady in the world, it is stage fright- and seasickness. They are a pair. I had stage fright then for the first and last time. I was only seasick once, too. I was on a little ship on which there were two hundred other passengers. I- was- sick. I was so sick that there wasnt any left for those other two hundred passengers. It was dark and lonely behind the scenes in that theater, and I peeked through the little peek holes they have in theater curtains and looked into the big auditorium. That was dark and empty, too. By and by it lighted up, and the audience began to arrive. I had a number of friends of mine, stalwart men, to sprinkle themselves throughout the audience armed with clubs. Every time I said anything they could possibly guess I intended to be funny, they were to pound those clubs on the floor. Then there was a kind lady in a box up there, also a good friend of mine, the wife of the governor. She was to watch me intently, and whenever I glanc ed toward her she was going to deliver a gubernatorial laugh that would lead the whole audience into applause. At last I began. I had the manuscript tucked under a United States flag in front of me where I could get at it in case of need. But I managed to get started without it. I walked up and down- I was young in those days and needed the exercise- and talked and talked. Right in the middle of the speech I had placed a gem. I had put in a moving, pathetic part which was to get at the hearts and souls of my hearers. When I delivered it, they did just what I hoped and expected. They sat silent and awed. I had touched them. Then I happened to glance up at the box where the governors wife was- you know what happened. Well, after the first agonizing five minutes, my stage fright left me, never to return. I know if I was going to be hanged I could get up and make a good showing, and I intend to. But I shall never forget my feelings just before the agony left me, and I got up here to thank you for helping my daughter, by your kindness, to live through her first appearance. And I want to thank you for your appreciation of her singing, which is, by the way, hereditary. Model Entertaining Speech #2 Since odds are that youll be writing and delivering more entertaining speeches than any other kind (and sweating more over them), heres another model you can use. This is an outstanding graduation speech delivered on May 21, 1998, by Jennifer L. Joyner-Lebling, the valedictorian of the graduating class at the State University of New York College of Technology at Farmingdale. Notice how Ms. Joyner-Lebling graciously credits others. Voyage of Discovery Chairman Mastroianni, Dr. Cipriani, honored members of the college council, faculty, staff, fellow classmates, family, and friends, I am honored to have been selected Valedictorian of the graduating class of 1998. I am honored to represent your commitment, dedication, and accomplishment in achieving your goal to be here today. Congratulations to all of you. As our celebrations end later today, consider tomorrow and realize that graduation is just one giant step in a very important direction. For some of us, this step has been a struggle full of obstacles, barriers, and distractions- for others it has not been that easy. However, through our struggles we have still accomplished our goal, and we are here today to celebrate our achievements. This awesome achievement we have made together, as well as the individual achievements of our team members. Like Karen Conner, the Valedictorian for the Associates degree, who was awarded the National Scholarship from the Institute of Management Accountants. And like Michael Rodriquez of the Aerospace program, the recipient of the John L. Godwin Memorial Flight Scholarship awarded by the National Air Transportation Association Foundation. Each are receiving Chancellors Awards for Student Excellence. And like Ornamental Horticulture graduates Pat Haugen, Elizabeth Boruke, Melissa Rigo, Steve Langella, J essica Bottcher, Matt McFadden, and Steve Noone, who were members of a team which took first place at the Mid-Atlantic Horticultural Field Day at Suffolk Community College. Today is the culmination of a lot of work, a lot of sweat, a lot of tears, and a lot of money †¦ but we are not finished. This is not final. It is, however, a significant milestone in our voyage of discovery. We have just emerged on a whole new level. You are all outstanding representatives of our graduating class. But none of us accomplished these feats alone. We had our families, partners, and friends- and we had the tutelage and guidance of some pretty incredible teachers. Before you leave today, be sure to thank at least one teacher from whom you have learned while at SUNY Farmingdale, and let them know that they are appreciated. Thank you Dr. Gary Brown for your enthusiasm and passion for your subjects and for your interest in and concern for your students. Thank you Dr. Richard Iversen for your never-e nding support, encouragement, and mentoring. You have both made a substantial impact on my education and on my future. Thank you Gary, Fred, Debbie, and Danielle for your guidance and friendship. French novelist Marcel Proust once said, â€Å"The real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new landscapes but in having new eyes. In receiving our diplomas today, we are receiving â€Å"new eyes. † Use what you have learned here at SUNY Farmingdale to see things in ways in which you have never noticed before. Continue to learn. Open your minds to new ideas and concepts. We leave here with the ability to make a change, the capability to make a difference, and the responsibility to make a contribution. Congratulations to you, my fellow graduates, and good luck to you as you continue on your voyage of discovery Speech To Convince Home Birth Summit Finally! Midwives from different tracks will be joined by conscientious OBs, pediatricians, nurses and academics The Home Birth Consensus Summit will be a two- to three-day multidisciplinary summit with the goal of developing areas of consensus on the provision of home birth services in the United States What if I told you that there was a way to bring your child into the world without going through the process of delivery. Well, I would be lying. However, there are alternate means of delivery and I would like to talk to you about the differences between medical intevention childbirth and natural childbirth, also known as â€Å"prepared† childbirth. I will be noting research from several books, but most importantly, I will be giving you firsthand insight into this beautiful procedure. I chose to have my daughter by natural childbirth and I believe that if you are facing an uncomplicated delivery, you should too. Situation: Too many parents rely on unnecessary medicalized childbirth. Most parents feel like they need complicated medical supervision for this procedure that has been common since the dawn of man. Many mothers do not believe they can endure the pain without medication. Many parents have not been properly exposed to the concepts of natural childbirth and have therefore never seriously considered and researched prepared childbirth as a feasible option. Problem: Medicalized childbirth presents certain health risks. Painkillers can cross the placenta and cause adverse effects on your baby. According to the Fundamentals of Human Sexuality, these risks can include irregular heartbeat, higher rates of jaundice, breathing and temperature regulation problems and reduced muscle strength. According to Choosing Waterbirth, women who receive epidural during labor are twice as likely to have a cesarean section delivery. Fundamentals of Human Sexuality expands on this, noting that the U. S. has the highest cesarean birthrate in the world. Pain is something that no mother wants to deal with, but there are natural alternatives to painkillers. Massage therapy and other relaxation techniques can help a woman manage pain. According to â€Å"Choosing Waterbirth† the body produces natural endorphines to help you feel less pain. Medical intervention is more chaotic than natural childbirth. Studies show that adrenaline has a negative impact on the delivery experience and can actually offset the natural effects of pain fighting endorphines. The process of natural childbirth often involves serene settings with calm music and dim lighting. This contrasts sharply with the hospital experience. Maternity patients in a hospital are rushed though a checklist of medical procedures that can agitate an already nervous expecting mother. According to the New Midwifery, Midwives work hard to relax the patient, adapting their normal processes to the needs and desires of the parents. This helps promote a tranquillity that you won’t find in a sterile hospital environment. And finally, there is a cost component to hospital delivery that may not be necessary for most births. Hospitals use complicated procedures to manage risks that are not always present. Impressive, but expensive, medical technology has been developed in recent years to help doctors manage complicated high-risk births. However, the basic birthing process has been around since the beginning of time and the secrets of safe, effective delivery were thought out long before these modern advancements. Natural substitutions can achieve the same results as costly medical alternatives. For example, an IV solution to keep a woman hydrated during labor will cost more than simply allowing her to drink juice, as is customary in natural childbirth. Conclusion: Now, you may be thinking that this sounds like a great procedure but it is not for you. You may think that you cannot handle the pain or that you don’t want to deal with the risk. However, consider how you will feel after delivery as you are preparing your baby book for nostalgia. Do you want your recollection to be a blur of doctors, machines, and drug induced gaps in your memories or do you want it to be a happy remembrance of a loving experience with your family? With the right preparation, this can be a wonderful way to welcome your new addition into the world. Speech To Convince Downloading Music by Tobias Varland5 SPEECH GOAL: I want to convince members of the audience that they should not download music from the Internet. Audience Adaptation Plan AUDIENCE ATTITUDE: When I asked people about their feelings about downloading, I found that most realized that it was easy to do and that it saved them time and money. There was a general belief that downloading didn’t really hurt companies that much. But most also mentioned that they realized that it was not the right thing to do, but with so many doing it, chances of being caught were pretty low. As I put these data together, I determined that although the audience was not set against downloading, they were not totally in favor of doing it either. So I put the majority in the group of undecided, or not that worried about the consequences. REASONS: I believe that the three reasons that are most likely to convince the audience are that downloading is really harmful to companies, that downloading is harmful to the computer (few people even mention this as a possible downside), and that downloading is not only illegal, but can be costly. 3-W3237 11/18/04 3:18 PM Page 262Chapter 13 Persuasive Speaking: Reasoning with Your Audience 263 SELECTING AN ORGANIZATION TO MEET AUDIENCE NEEDS: Given that the majority of the class seemed indifferent or certainly not worried about the consequences, I determined that a logical reasons approach was appropriate. I have organized my speech in such a way that it will gain momentum throughout the speech, and (hopefully) by the end of the speech the audience will have no choice but to consider my suggestions. Outline INTRODUCTION I. Over the past few weeks I’ve discovered that large numbers of people are doing something that in my mind is unbelievably stupid. II. They’re saving approximately 99 cents for doing something that could cost them as much as $150,000. III. They’re downloading copyrighted music off the Internet. THESIS STATEMENT: There are three good reasons for not downloading music off the Internet: it’s extremely harmful to recording companies and artists, it’s harmful to computers, and it’s illegal. BODY I. Downloading music is extremely harmful to recording companies and artists. A. Record sales have declined radically in the last ? ve years. 1. About 41 percent of people are downloading music for free rather than buying records, according to Fortune magazine. 2. Since 1993 average annual pro? t has dropped from 20 percent to less than 5 percent. B. People are losing jobs. 1. This year three major recording companies, BMG, EMI, and Sony Music, ? red 4,200 people as a result. II. The second reason that you should not be downloading music from the Internet is that it is extremely harmful to your computer. A. In order to download music from the Internet people must use some sort of spot check program. 1. Just one such program, His Eye, is has 65 million users. B. According to PC Magazine, by installing such a program you also install several others such as spyware. 1. These programs monitor who you send e-mails to, copies your e-mail messages, and stores them on your server. 2. They also send out spam directories that can actually take control of your computer, locking you out of your own computer, using your computer for illegal practices, and saying you are responsible for it because it is your computer. . For instance, a graduate student who is writing a thesis could have it stolen and published before he or she get a chance to print it. 3. Saving a few dollars instead of buying CDs or buying individual songs off the Internet can put people at such huge risk that it’s unbelievable that they continue to do it. III. The third and most important reason for not downloading music is that it’s illegal. A. Music in the United States is protected by copyright law. 1. When you download music off the Internet, you are committing theft. B. Recording studios have ? led numerous lawsuits. 1. According to CBC News, one company just ? led a lawsuit against four college students from New England who had all downloaded 1,500 songs apiece. (continued) 13-W3237 11/18/04 3:18 PM Page 263264 Part 3 Informative and Persuasive Speaking 2. They sought ? nes of $150,000 per song that these students had downloaded, according to the CEC News. 3. Although the company didn’t get the $150,000 per song, each student was forced to pay somewhere between $12,500 and $17,500 and was kicked out of school. C. All of this happened because they wanted to save themselves 15 bucks per CD. CONCLUSION I. So, think about it: downloading is harmful to the recording industry, it is likely to be harmful to your computer, and most of all, it could result in tremendous ? nancial loss to you because it is illegal. II. I would encourage you to consider these things before you download anything else. Consider whether or not it’s really worth it. SOURCES: CBC News (Web Site), cbc. ca/stories/2003/05/02/Consumers/record/ lawsuit 03052. Seith, Robert CWK Senior Producer, â€Å"Downloading Copyrighted Music,† http://www . connecting withkids. com/tipsheet/2003/115_mar12/music. html. Songs in the Key of Steve,† Fortune Magazine, May 19, 2003. â€Å"Spyware: It’s Lurking on Your Machine,† PC Magazine, April 22, 2003. â€Å"Study Links Burning and Downloading to Falling Music Sales,† The Write News, June 20, 2003, www. writenews. com. Sweeting, Paul â€Å"Avast ye pirates! The copyright industries, particularly the record companies, are entering dangerou s new waters. † Video Business, June 30, 2003 v23 i26 p10(1) Speech As I was talking with a lot of my friends and acquaintances, I discovered a pretty amazing phenomenon. I discovered that almost every person I talked to does something that in my mind is unbelievably stupid. Anyone know what I’m talking about? It’s a behavior that has become extremely popular: illegally downloading copyrighted music off the Internet. Today I’d like to convince you that you should not download music on your computer. Why? For at least three reasons. The ? rst reason is that it’s extremely harmful to recording companies and recording artists. I’m going to discuss some numbers with you- and I want you to think about them. The ? rst number is 61. According to The Write News, CD record sales in the United States have dropped 61 percent in just the last year. The second number is 41. Downloading has become extremely popular, according to Fortune magazine. Today, about 41 percent of people who love music are downloading it for free rather than buy records. Third is a set of numbers: 20/5. Obviously downloading is very harmful to recording companies. In 1993 recording companies made an average annual pro? t of just over 20 percent. Now they’re making less than 5 percent pro? t. That’s 20 to 5! The last number is 4,200. During this last year, three major recording companies, BMG, EMI, and Sony Music, have ? ed 4,200 people because they could not gainfully employ these people. As much as you would like to think that music is for the sake of art, people do it because they love doing it, music is a business. To get their money out of it, recording companies can’t continue to produce music, the artists have no ambition in producing music, and therefore by downloading music most people would say, I’m trying to support this music, I want to listen to it, I want to hear it - what they’re really doing is destroying an industry and insuring that there will not be as much music produced in the future. The second reason that you should not be downloading music from the Internet is that it is extremely harmful to your computer. In order to download this music from the Internet, almost everybody uses some sort of spot check program. The most popular program right now is called His Eye, a program that has as many as 65 million users. The problem is that when you install His Eye on your computer, you install numerous other programs like spyware. This spyware does things to your computer such as monitors who you send e-mails to, copies your e-mail messages and stores Analysis Tobias begins indirectly by sharing is opinions about a behavior that has become ver y popular. This indirect method is designed to get people interested in determining what he is going to talk about. Here, he states his goal and mentions that he will focus on three reasons. His ? rst reason is designed to focus on one important harm that results from downloading. Notice the presentation of information used to supp ort his point. Throughout this section he cites sources and gives a variety of statistics. Here he tries to get his audience to think about what he has said. He makes a good case showing that downloading has in fact a major effect on companies and artists. In this second reason Tobias looks at material with which the audience may be totally unfamiliar. Here he is talking about side effects that result from downloading methods. Some of these side effects don’t seem to be that importance, 13-W3237 11/18/04 3:18 PM Page 264Chapter 13 Persuasive Speaking: Reasoning with Your Audience 265 them on your server, copies your editors’ books, sends those addresses out to spam directories that can actually take control of your computer, locking you out of your own computer, use your computer for illegal practices and saying you are responsible for it since it is your computer. Let’s look at a potential consequence. Suppose you’re a graduate student and you’re writing a thesis paper. It could be stolen and published before you get a chance to print it. It seems that people are doing this to save themselves a few dollars from buying CDs or buying individual songs off the Internet and putting themselves in such huge risk that it’s unbelievable that they continue to do it. The third one, and the most important reason why this should not be done is, it’s illegal. Music in the United States is protected by copyright law. When you download this music off the Internet, you are committing theft. Recording companies recently have been on a kind of a rampage in catching people who’ve been doing this. They want to be very aggressive about it. And they just ? led a lawsuit against four college students from New England who had all downloaded 1500 songs apiece. The recording industry sought a ? ne of 150,000 dollars per song that these students had downloaded. This is according to the CEC News. The recording industry didn’t get the 150,000 dollars per song, there’s no way that these students could ever pay that much money to the recording companies. Each student was forced to pay somewhere between 12,500 and 17,500 dollars along with being kicked out of school and they were very lucky apparently to avoid at least a six-month jail sentence. All to save themselves 15 bucks per CD. I know that as a college student if somebody told me that I was responsible all of a sudden for paying a 15,000 dollar ? ne, I’m kind of out of luck- I can’t pay a 15,000 dollar ? ne. So, thinking about it, there are these three very obvious reasons that by downloading off the Internet you are costing people dollars, you’re destroying some people’s careers, sound engineers, that’s all they know, they can’t be employed anymore, because their companiesare undermined by people trying to save a few dollars. you’re putting your privacy and your computer at risk and making yourself further liable for damages done with your computer by other people. And you’re breaking the law. In a society where people- if people don’t obey the law, in one instance, what’s to keep them from not obeying in another instance. How can you break this law and condemn somebody else for breaking another law? It doesn’t make sense, the whole package of downloading copyrighted music off the Internet doesn’t make sense, and most people just don’t think about that. So I would encourage you to consider these things before you download anything else. but in fact are. He shows that allowing access enables others to take advantage of your machine. In short, he’s focusing on unnecessar y risks that may result from your use of various downloading programs. Notice how he keeps coming back to his key point: for relatively small savings, you are taking remendous risks - and you might not even be aware of the potential harms. Since the audience may not totally accept the importance of these ? rst two reasons, Tobias closes with his third, and most important reason- that some or much of what your doing is not only illegal, but also could be tremendously detrimental to you. The point is that the in dustr y is making examples of some individuals by seeing to it that they pay ? nes. So the costs are not $150,000, but would you be able to afford the 12,500 to 17,500 dollars that some have been required to pay? And, can you afford to be â€Å"kicked out of school? Again he comes back to the relatively small amount of money that people save in comparison to what can be monumental risks. Here he does a good job of reinforcing and reemphasizing the nature of the problems that are being created as a result of downloading. He ? nishes with a strong appeal to the lack of sense of continuing such behavior. A ver y good speech of reasons. Notice how he put a strong reason ?rst, a reason that might be important second, and the strongest reason third. Most of his information was well documented. And the way he presented the information really gets us to think.